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The Allusionist

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A PODCAST ABOUT LANGUAGE
BY HELEN ZALTZMAN

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The Allusionist

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Allusionist 223. Bonus 2025

January 16, 2026 The Allusionist
A boggle grid spelling out the words Bonus 2025

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It's the annual parade of bonus bits! Every year, the show's guests say too many interesting things and/or stuff that isn't languagey enough, so I save it up and release it in a delightful melange of facts and thoughts, about language and also not about language. That melange is today, and it includes dinosaur mouths and dinosaur poop, psychedelic plants, feminist cookbooks, and taking a class in profanity.

Content note: there are category A swears in this episode.

(And yes I know 2025 is over, but I had to delay this for a month while enjoying a nasty bout of laryngitis, AKA Podcaster's Plague.)

You hear, in order of appearance:

  • Alex Ketchum, academic and author of books including How to Organize Inclusive Events and Conferences, Queers At The Table: An Illustrated Guide to Queer Food (With Recipes) and Ingredients for Revolution, a History of American Feminist Restaurants, Cafes, and Coffeehouses. She also organises the Queer Food Conference, next happening 1-3 May 2026. Alex previously appeared in the episode Bread and Roses, and Coffee.

  • Martin Austwick, musician and podcaster with Neutrino Watch, Song By Song and Answer Me This. Find his songs at PaleBirdMusic.com and Bandcamp but not Spotify. Martin has previously appeared in several Allusionists, but the one where we were talking about poisonous plants was Bane Bain Bath.

  • So Mayer, bookseller at Burley Fisher Books, editor of books including The Word for World: The Maps of Ursula K Le Guin, and author of books including Bad Language. They appeared on the Allusionist episode Disobedience.

  • Hannah McGregor, professor, podcaster and author of books including Clever Girl: Jurassic Park. They have been on the show a few times, but most recently and saliently in the episode Dino.

  • Kelly Elizabeth Wright, linguist — she recently had a paper published in the journal Cognition — and Data Czar with the American Dialect Society, which just concluded their 2025 Word of the Year process so check out the results. She appeared on the episode Serving C-Bomb.

  • Nicole Holliday, linguist and an excellent follow on BlueSky and TikTok @mixedlinguist. She also featured in Serving C-Bomb.

This weekend is the annual Birthdaylusionist livestream.

Join me and the aforementioned Martin Austwick for an hour of chat and relaxing readings from my ever-expanding collection of vintage reference books. Here’s the YouTube link. Kick-off is 24 January 1pm PT/4pm ET/9pm UTC&UK/check your timezone here.

For more regular livestreams, become a member of the Allusioverse at theallusionist.org/donate from $2/month — and you’re thereby helping fund this independent podcast (thank you!). Plus you get additional written content including behind-the-scenes info about every episode, and membership of the charming and nurturing Allusioverse Discord community, where we hang out and keep each other company, and we're also watching the current season of Great Pottery Throwdown together.

You can also sign up at patreon.com/allusionist for a free account to get occasional email updates about Allusionist stuff eg live events and the birthdaylusionist livestream.

YOUR RANDOMLY SELECTED WORD FROM THE DICTIONARY:
glaucous
, adjective, technical or poetic/literary:
1. of a dull greyish-green or blue colour.
2 covered with a powdery bloom like that on grapes.
Origin 17th century: via Latin from Greek glaukos + -ous.

the dictionary entry for glaucous, adjective, technical or poetic/literary: 1. of a dull greyish-green or blue colour. 2 covered with a powdery bloom like that on grapes.  Origin 17th century: via Latin from Greek glaukos + -ous.

CREDITS:

  • This episode was produced by me, Helen Zaltzman, on the unceded ancestral and traditional territory of the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), Sḵwx̱wú7mesh (Squamish), and səlilwətaɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations.

  • The original Allusionist music is by Martin Austwick. Download his songs at palebirdmusic.com and listen to his podcasts Song By Song and Neutrino Watch. And together we are on the recently revived long-running podcast Answer Me This.

  • Find the Allusionist at youtube.com/allusionistshow, instagram.com/allusionistshow, facebook.com/allusionistshow, @allusionistshow.bsky.social… Essentially: if I’m there, I’m there as @allusionistshow. 

Back in early February with a new episode - HZ.

Our ad partner is Multitude. If you want me to talk compellingly about your product, sponsor an episode: contact Multitude at multitude.productions/ads. This episode is sponsored by Squarespace, your one-stop shop for building and running your online forever home. Go to squarespace.com/allusionist for a free trial, and get 10 percent off your first purchase of a website or domain with the code allusionist.

In episodes Tags history, etymology, Alex Ketchum, Martin Austwick, So Mayer, Hannah McGregor, Kelly Elizabeth Wright, Nicole Holliday, feminism, feminists, cookbooks, cookery, food, cooking, recipes, Bloodroot, cake, psychoactive, drugs, poison, plants, hens, wave, witches, fear, shame, mistakes, WOTY, Word of the Year, American Dialect Society, enshittification, rawdog, mouths, Monstrous Feminine, cunt, cunty, serving cunt, Jurassic Park, dinosaurs, Laura Dern, poop, Jeff Goldblum, research, Ian Malcolm, academia, films, movies, profanity, linguistics, minced oaths, swearing, swears, bullshit, ASL, sign language, gesture, bonus, bonus bits, glaucous

Allusionist 220. Disobedience

November 9, 2025 The Allusionist
a Boggle grid spelling out the word disobedience

“The more we look into social structures, the more many of us realize we don't fit into them," says So Mayer, author of the new book Bad Language, "So each phrase or set of vocabulary is another piece of that dismantlement.” We discuss finding vocabulary for oneself, coming out as a speech act, growing up under Section 28, busting through oppression and shame, and joyous listening.

Read more
In episodes Tags lexicon, society, culture, words, language, books, So Mayer, libraries, librarians, library, teachers, gender, QUILTBAG, LGBTQIA++, quilting, knitting, punk, disobedience, consent, queer, non-binary, speech acts, bad language, power, coming out, debutantes, oppression, control, dictionaries, cunt, assimilation, non-aligned, erasure, witchcraft, epistemic injustice, listening, hearing, homophobia, transphobia, crimes against consent, abuse, feminism, philosophy, compliance, Adrianne Rich, Melanie Kaye/Kantrowitz, Irena Klepfisz, shame, singing, magic, hermeneutical injustice, leman, testimonial injustice, vulnerable

Allusionist 217. Bread and Roses, and Coffee

September 24, 2025 The Allusionist

In their heyday of the 1970s and 1980s, there were more than 200 - possibly more than 400 - feminist restaurants and coffee shops in the USA and Canada. These places were aiming to change ways of working, and upend the hierarchies of restaurants; to provide food that was ethically sourced and affordable to customers, while providing staff with a decent wage; to signal to particular kinds of people that a space was specifically for them. They didn't always succeed, and often they didn't last for more than a couple of years. But they sure did try things.

Dr Alex Ketchum from McGill University, author of the book Ingredients for Revolution, a History of American Feminist Restaurants, Cafes, and Coffeehouses and cofounder of the Queer Food Conference, explains the ups and downs of how these places used words.

Read more
In episodes Tags society, culture, words, language, history, etymology, vocabulary, Alex Ketchum, 1970s, 1980s, USA, cafes, restaurants, coffee shops, spaces, feminists, feminism, lesbians, queer, trans, LGBTQIIA+, female, menu, food, signalling, politics, code words, hierarchy, collectives, waitstaff, cooks, chefs, terminology, social, work, labour, workplace, Bloodroot, ecofeminism, vegetarian, vegan, eating, recipes, dishes, food eponyms, eponyms, alcohol, caffeine, drugs, dieting, diet culture, dele, gourmet

Allusionist 181. Cairns

September 13, 2023 The Allusionist

There's an abiding myth that the landmark dictionaries are the work of one man, in a dusty paper-filled garrett tirelessly working away singlehandedly. But really it took a village: behind every Big Daddy of Lexicography was usually a team of women, keeping the garrett clean, organising the piles of papers, reading through all the citations, doing research, writing definitions, editing, subediting...essentially being lexicographers, without the credit or the pay.

Academic Lindsay Rose Russell, author of Women and Dictionary-Making, talks about the roles of women in lexicography: enabling male lexicographers to get the job done, but also making their own dictionaries, and challenging the very paradigms of dictionaries.

Read more
In episodes Tags etymology, society, culture, words, language, lexicography, lexicon, vocabulary, history, dictionaries, dictionary, Lindsay Rose Russell, women, men, sexism, Merriam-Webster, Noah Webster, Samuel Johnson, James Murray, Jonathon Green, Green’s Dictionary of Slang, work, OED, Oxford English Dictionary, collaboration, wives, daughters, sheds, Ada Murray, Susan Ford, Jessie Craigie, William Craigie, John Florio, Mary Evelyn, John Evelyn, Robert Cawdry, Table Alphabeticall, labour, attribution, citation, hair, Fop Dictionary, feminism, feminists, feminist dictionaries, publishing, books, Gretchen McCulloch, amanuensis, geniculate

Allusionist 121. No Title

September 14, 2020 The Allusionist
The Allusionist No Title poster colours.jpg

In 2014, a seemingly trivial and boring incident at the bank propelled me down a linguistic road via medieval werewolves, Ms Marvel and confusingly inscribed gravestones, to find out why the English language is riddled with all this gender. What’s it FOR? How did it GET there? Will it go AWAY now please? It is, at the very least, taking up brainspace and not paying any rent.

This is a recording of a live performance at the Blueberry Hill Duck Room in St Louis, Missouri on 23 November 2019, and there were visuals happening, so I’ll drop in sometimes to explain them, and I’ve also put a transcript and pictures in this post.

There are swears in this. There are also arguments that will be very useful to you if you ever come up against a denier of singular they. You will definitely win.

Read more
In live recording, episodes Tags words, language, linguistics, education, comedy, entertainment, society & culture, arts, literature, Helen Zaltzman, etymology, lexicon, vocabulary, live show, live recording, performance, No Title, gender, sex, identity, pronouns, titles, singular they, they, non-conforming, fluid, rank, hierarchy, marriage, social status, status, aristocracy, doctor, doctorate, Latin, Ms, Mrs, Master, Mister, Mr, Dr, Mx, ip, gender neutral, gender free, gender neutral pronouns, gender free pronouns, Ms Magazine, Ms Marvel, Sheila Michaels, feminism, feminists, tombstones, graves, gravestones, Downton Abbey, William and the Werewolf, medieval, Italian, Italy, signora, signorina, Frau, Fräulein, mademoiselle, madame, Académie Française, Mondamoiseau, Z, Mre, Russian, Russia, manners, politeness, etiquette, seamtress, seamster, manhole, you, ey, Martin Austwick

Allusionist 50: Under the Covers - part I

February 8, 2017 The Allusionist

Escape into the loving embrace of a romance novel - although don't think you'll be able to escape gender politics while you're in there. Bea and Leah Koch, proprietors of the romance-only bookstore The Ripped Bodice, consider the genre; and publisher Lisa Milton scrolls through the 109-year history of the imprint that epitomises romance novels, Mills & Boon.

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In episodes Tags bookshops, feminism, love, bookstores, sex, bodice rippers, The Ripped Bodice, fiction, literary, Fabio, escapism, Lisa Milton, Leah Koch, novels, literature, Mills & Boon, women, erotica, publishers, romance, publishing, Bea Koch, female, romantic, books, relationships
6 Comments

Allusionist 28: WLTM part I

January 27, 2016 The Allusionist

Your online dating profile is the latest spin on a 300-year-old tradition of advertising yourself in order to find a spouse, a sexual partner, or someone to take care of your pigs. Francesca Beauman, author of Shapely Ankle Preferr'd: A History of the ...

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Your online dating profile is the latest spin on a 300-year-old tradition of advertising yourself in order to find a spouse, a sexual partner, or someone to take care of your pigs.

Francesca Beauman, author of Shapely Ankle Preferr’d: A History of the Lonely Hearts Ad, digs into lonely hearts ads to see how British society and desires have evolved over the past three centuries.

WARNING: Some of the content is a little saucy, but not, like, swimming in sauce.

READING MATTER:

  • Reviews of hundreds of different dating sites? You got it.

  • I love reading the Blind Dates in the Guardian each Saturday, and The Guyliner’s dissection thereof shortly afterwards.

  • Atlas Obscura tests the Victorian seduction technique of reading aloud.

  • Not so much a lonely heart ad as a curious soul ad, but it resulted in one of the most intriguing books I’ve ever read: The Life Swap by Nancy Weber. Read about it here (NB spoilers).

  • Warlock: offensive term?

  • The transcript of this episode is at theallusionist.org/transcripts/wltm-i.

RANDOMLY SELECTED WORD FROM THE DICTIONARY:
extraposition

CREDITS:

  • Find Francesca Beauman at francescabeauman.com and buy her books, including the excellent Shapely Ankle Preferr’d, from your usual book-buying places.

  • This episode was produced by me, Helen Zaltzman.

  • Martin Austwick provided all the music.

  • Matthew Crosby provided his voice.

  • Allusionist listeners provided their dating profiles, for which I am extremely grateful.

  • WLTM you at facebook.com/allusionistshow, twitter.com/allusionistshow and twitter.com/helenzaltzman.

This is a two-parter, and the second half is an absolute belter, so return next week to hear it.

- HZ

In episodes Tags words, language, history, linguistics, communication, internet, technology, online dating, dating, love, sex, marriage, romance, courtship, gender, women, men, Victorians, England, Britain, matrimony, matchmaking, gay, homosexuality, code, private lives, emotions, pigs, lonely hearts, adverts, ads, advertising, feminism, wedlock, warlock, Squarespace, Fallen London, newspapers, press, print, media, deception, fraud, scandal, liberation
1 Comment

Allusionist 2: Bosom Holder

January 14, 2015 The Allusionist

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There are many synonyms for 'underwear'. There are many synonyms for the body parts you keep in your underwear. But there's only one word for 'bra'. Visit http://theallusionist.org/bras to find out more about this episode. Tweet @allusionistshow,

Today, we learn how 'bra' went from meaning a piece of French armour to something sold at Victoria's Secret.

Bra expert Lori Smith gives us a peek beneath the blouses of yore, from bra-boning to bra-burning.

Here's the first recorded appearance of the word 'brassiere', in Vogue from 23rd May 1907:

Fancy making your own hankie bra, a la Mary Phelps Jacobs? Here's the pattern. Or the blueprints for a power station, I'm not sure.

Here's an instructional video to help you:

Nope, not a clue.

Additional reading:

  • They discovered a medieval bra, AKA 'breastbags'.

  • Here's an interesting potted history of the bra, and here's a brief history of knickers that includes an illustration of a woman relieving herself into what looks like a gravyboat.

  • Mary Phelps Jacobs changed her name to Caresse Crosby and went on to have an intriguing, turbulent life - patenting the first brassiere was certainly not the pinnacle of her achievements.

RANDOMLY SELECTED WORD FROM THE DICTIONARY:
limnology

limnology.jpg

CREDITS

  • Presented and produced by Helen Zaltzman.

  • Bra master Lori Smith blogs at rarelywearslipstick.com and tweets at @lipsticklori.

  • Thanks to Amber Butchart and Greg Jenner.

MUSIC

  • 'Allusionist Theme' - Martin Austwick

  • 'Underwear' - Magnetic Fields

  • 'Underneath Your Clothes' [Instrumental] - Shakira

  • 'Underwear' - Pulp

- HZ

In episodes Tags etymology, women, feminism, corsets, corsetry, underpants, bras, knickers, undergarments, Mary Phelps Jacobs, brassiere, bra, bra-burning
5 Comments
Allusionist Patreon
Featured
Allusionist 223. Bonus 2025
Allusionist 223. Bonus 2025
Allusionist 222. A Christmas Carol
Allusionist 222. A Christmas Carol
Allusionist 221. Scribe
Allusionist 221. Scribe
Allusionist 220. Disobedience
Allusionist 220. Disobedience
Allusionist 219. Making Trouble
Allusionist 219. Making Trouble
Allusionist 218. Banned Books
Allusionist 218. Banned Books
Allusionist 217. Bread and Roses, and Coffee
Allusionist 217. Bread and Roses, and Coffee
Allusionist 216. Four Letter Words: Terisk
Allusionist 216. Four Letter Words: Terisk
Allusionist 215. Two-Letter Words
Allusionist 215. Two-Letter Words
Allusionist 214. Four Letter Words: Bane Bain Bath
Allusionist 214. Four Letter Words: Bane Bain Bath
Souvenirs on BBC Radio 4
Souvenirs on BBC Radio 4
Allusionist 213. Four Letter Words: Dino
Allusionist 213. Four Letter Words: Dino
Allusionist 212. Four Letter Words: Park
Allusionist 212. Four Letter Words: Park
Allusionist 211. Four Letter Words: -gate
Allusionist 211. Four Letter Words: -gate
Allusionist 210. Four Letter Words: 4x4x4 Quiz
Allusionist 210. Four Letter Words: 4x4x4 Quiz
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The Allusionist by Helen Zaltzman is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.